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- Let’s Meet Muhammad (part 1 of 2)
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- Preservation of the Holy Quran
- The Importance of Prayer (Salah)
- Etiquette of the Ritual Bath (Ghusl)
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- Prayer for Beginners (part 1 of 2): Beforeyou Pray
- Prayer for Beginners (part 2 of 2): A Description ofthe Prayer
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- Beginners Guide to the Quran (part 1 of 3)
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- The Importance of Prayer
- Pre-requisites of Prayer
- Hygiene in Islam
- Bathing (Ghusl)
- Ablution (Wudoo)
- Performing Two Units of Prayer
- Performing Three Units of Prayer
- Performing Four Units of Prayer
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- A Day in the life of a Muslim (part 1 of 2): From Waking uptill late Morning
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Level 4 (30)
- Adhan (part 1 of 2): The Call to Prayer
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- Shirk & its Types (part 1 of 3)
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- Reflections on Surah al-Fatiha (part 1 of 3)
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- Reflections on Surah al-Fatiha (part 3 of 3)
- Dry Ablution (Tayammum)
- Introduction to Sects (part 1 of 2)
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- Protection from Evil (part 1 of 2)
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- Perfecting Our Character
- Introduction to the Purification of the Soul (part 1 of 2)
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- Satan: Humankind’s Worst Enemy (part 1 of 2)
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- Supplication (part 1 of 2)
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Level 6 (27)
- Voluntary Prayers
- Treatment of Animals
- Lying, Backbiting and Slander (part 1 of 2)
- Lying, Backbiting and Slander (part 2 of 2)
- Increasing Faith (part 1 of 2): Why faith is not always at asteady level
- Increasing Faith (part 2 of 2): Increase your faith (Imaan)and earn rewards
- Voluntary Fasts
- Signs of the Day of Judgment (part 1 of 2): The Minor Signs
- Signs of the Day of Judgment (part 2 of 2): The Major Signs
- Adultery, Fornication, & Pornography (part 1 of 2)
- Adultery, Fornication, & Pornography (part 2 of 2)
- Islamic Guidelines for Gender Interactions(part 1 of 2)
- Islamic Guidelines for Gender Interactions (part 2 of 2)
- Introduction to Shariah (part 1 of 2)
- Introduction to Shariah (part 2 of 2)
- Acts that Correspond to Human Nature (Sunan ul-Fitrah)
- Eid ul-Adha from A to Z (part 1 of 3)
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- Eid ul-Adha from A to Z (part 3 of 3)
- Innovation in Islam (part 1 of 2): Two Types of Bidah
- Innovation in Islam (part 2 of 2): Is this a bidah?
- Ramadan: The Last Ten Nights
- Umrah (part 1 of 2)
- Umrah (part 2 of 2)
- Concept of Sins in Islam (part 1 of 3)
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- Concept of Sins in Islam (part 3 of 3)
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Level 7 (30)
- Parenting in Islam (part 1 of 2)
- Parenting in Islam (part 2 of 2)
- Major Sins in Islam (part 1 of 2): What is aMajor Sin?
- Major Sins in Islam (part 2 of 2): Major Sins and How toRepent from Them
- The Pilgrimage (Hajj) (part 1 of 3)
- The Pilgrimage (Hajj) (part 2 of 3)
- The Pilgrimage (Hajj) (part 3 of 3)
- The Rightly Guided Caliphs: Abu Bakr (part 1 of 2)
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- The Rightly Guided Caliphs: Umar ibn Al-Khattab (part 1 of 2)
- The Rightly Guided Caliphs: Umar ibn Al-Khattab (part 2 of 2)
- The Rightly Guided Caliphs: Uthman ibn Affan (Part 1 of 2)
- The Rightly Guided Caliphs: Uthman ibn Affan (part 2 of 2)
- The Rightly Guided Caliphs: Ali ibn AbiTalib (part 1 of 2)
- The Rightly Guided Caliphs: Ali ibn Abi Talib (part 2 of 2)
- Events on the Day of Judgment (part 1 of 3): The Day Begins
- Events on the Day of Judgment (part 2 of 3):Before the Judgment
- Events on the Day of Judgment (part 3 of 3): Judgment Begins
- Interest in Islam (part 1 of 2)
- Interest in Islam (part 2 of 2)
- An Explanation of Surah Al-Asr
- The Questioning in the Grave (part 1 of 2): Death is not theEnd
- The Questioning in the Grave (part 2 of 2): Your Place untilthe Day of Judgment
- The Fruits of Taqwa (part 1 of 2)
- The Fruits of Taqwa (part 2 of 2)
- An Explanation of Surah Al-Ikhlas
- The Rights of Neighbours in Islam (part 1 of 2): The KindTreatment of Neighbours
- The Rights of Neighbours in Islam (part 2 of 2): Neighbours -Good and Bad
- Those Shaded when there is no Shade (part 1 of 2): Allah’sMercy made Manifest
- Those Shaded when there is no Shade (part 2 of 2): Strivingto be Shaded
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Level 8 (29)
- Sincerity in Worship: What is Ikhlas? (part 1 of 2)
- Sincerity in Worship: Ikhlas vs. Riyaa(part 2 of 2)
- Lawful Earning
- The Companions of Prophet Muhammad: Salman Al-Farsi
- The Companions of Prophet Muhammad: Bilal ibn Rabah
- The Companions of Prophet Muhammad: Ammar ibn Yassir
- The Companions of Prophet Muhammad: Zayd ibn Thabit
- The Companions of Prophet Muhammad: Abu Hurayrah
- Islamic Terms (part 1 of 2)
- Islamic Terms (part 2 of 2)
- Khushoo in Prayer
- Inviting Non-Muslims to the Right Path (part 1 of 3): Deliverthe Message in the Best Way Possible
- Inviting Non-Muslims to the Right Path (part 2 of 3): Tawheed First
- Inviting Non-Muslims to the Right Path (part 3 of 3): Inviting Family, Friends and Colleagues
- Trust & Reliance in Allah
- Who Is a Good Friend? (part 1 of 2)
- Who Is a Good Friend? (Part 2 of 2)
- Pride and Arrogance
- The Mothers of the Believers (part 1 of 2): Who are theMothers of the Believers?
- The Mothers of the Believers (part 2 of 2): Altruism & Alliances
- Getting Involved in the Muslim Community
- Ummah: The Muslim Nation
- Simplified Rules of Islamic Divorce (part 1 of 2)
- Simplified Rules of Islamic Divorce (part 2 of 2)
- The Role of a Muslim Scholar (part 1 of 2)
- The Role of a Muslim Scholar (part 2 of 2)
- The Benefits of Being a Muslim
- Sacred Cities; Mecca, Medina, & Jerusalem (part 1 of 2)
- Sacred Cities; Mecca, Medina, & Jerusalem (part 2 of 2)
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Level 9 (30)
- Prayers – Advanced (part 1 of 2)
- Prayers - Advanced (part 2 of 2)
- The Purpose of Life
- Why & How to Learn the Quran (part 1 of 2)
- Why & How to Learn the Quran (part 2 of 2)
- Miracles of the Prophets
- Meat of the People of the Book (part 1 of 2)
- Meat of the People of the Book (part 2 of 2)
- Dhikr (Remembering Allah): Meaning & Blessings (part1 of 2)
- Dhikr (Remembering Allah): Meaning & Blessings (part 2 of2)
- Intercession on Judgment Day (part 1 of 2)
- Intercession on Judgment Day (part 2 of 2)
- Virtues of the Quran (part 1 of 2)
- Virtues of the Quran (part 2 of 2)
- Good Morals (part 1 of 2)
- Good Morals (part 2 of 2)
- The Islamic Golden Age (part 1 of 2)
- The Islamic Golden Age (part 2 of 2)
- Social Media in Islam
- Leisure, Fun and Entertainment
- Astrology and Fortune-telling
- Miracles of Prophet Muhammad (part 1 of 2)
- Miracles of Prophet Muhammad (part 2 of 2)
- Bad Morals to Stay Away From (part 1 of 2)
- Bad Morals to Stay Away From (part 2 of 2)
- The Spiritual Benefits of Fasting and Charity
- Dream Interpretation
- Detailed Biography of Prophet Muhammad - Meccan Period (part 1 of 3)
- Detailed Biography of Prophet Muhammad - Meccan Period (part 2of 3)
- Detailed Biography of Prophet Muhammad - Meccan Period (part3 of 3)
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- What is Jihad?
- Prophet Adam: Beginning of Humankind (part 1 of 2)
- Prophet Adam: Beginning of Humankind (part 2 of 2)
- An Explanation of Surah Az-Zalzalah
- Morals of Prophet Muhammad (part 1 of 2)
- Morals of Prophet Muhammad (part 2 of 2)
- Preserving the Environment
- Crime and Punishment in Islam (part 1 of 2)
- Crime and Punishment in Islam (part 2 of 2)
- Prostration of Forgetfulness
- Introduction to Hadith Terminology
- Detailed Biography of Prophet Muhammad - Madinan Period (part1 of 3)
- Detailed Biography of Prophet Muhammad - Madinan Period (part2 of 3)
- Detailed Biography of Prophet Muhammad - Madinan Period (part 3 of 3)
- Story of Creation (part 1 of 2)
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- Funeral Rites (part 1 of 2)
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- Islamic Wills and Inheritance (part 1 of 2)
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Prayers – Advanced (part 1 of 2)
Description: The lesson will teach the “essential components” of the daily ritual prayer (salah) and acts that invalidate the prayer.
By Imam Mufti (© 2015 IslamReligion.com)
Published on 22 Jun 2015 - Last modified on 25 Jun 2019
Printed: 336 - Emailed: 0 - Viewed: 29,941 (daily average: 8)
Objectives
·To learn the arkan of salah.
·To learn five acts that invalidate the salah.
Arabic Terms
·Salah - the Arabic word to denote a direct connection between the believer and Allah. More specifically, in Islam it refers to the formal five daily prayers and is the most important form of worship.
·Rukn - (plural:arkan) essential component; a pillar without which something cannot stand.
·Qiblah: The direction one faces during the formal prayers.
·Surah – chapter of the Quran.
·Hadith - (plural – ahadith) is a piece of information or a story. In Islam it is a narrative record of the sayings and actions of Prophet Muhammad and his companions.
·Tashahhud – the saying “At-tahiy-yatu lil-lahi…. Muhammadan ’abduhu wa rasuluh.” in the sitting position of the prayer.
·Wudoo – ablution.
·Wajib - (plural: wajibaat) obligatory.
The scholars categorize different actions and sayings of the prayer into essential components (arkan), obligatory acts (wajibaat), and recommendations.
The difference between a rukn
(essential component) and a wajib (obligatory act) is that a rukn
cannot be waived, whether one omits it deliberately or by mistake,
rather it must be done. A wajib (obligatory act) is waived if one
forgets, and it can be compensated for by doing the “prostration of
forgetfulness” (will be discussed later).
In this lesson we will first learn the arkan (essential components).
Essential Components (Arkan) of Salah
1. Saying ‘Allahu Akbar’ at the beginning
The Prophet said to a person who prayed incorrectly, “then face the qiblah and say Allahu Akbar.”[1]
2. Reciting Surah al-Fatihah
The Prophet said, “There is no prayer for someone who does not recite the Opening of the Book (Surah al-Fatihah).”[2]
3. Standing during obligatory prayers if one is able to do so
Based on the verse, “and stand for Allah with devotion.” (Quran 2:238)
Also, the Prophet said, “Pray standing; if you are not able to; pray sitting, if you are not able to; pray (while lying) on your side.”[3]
4. Bowing
This is based on the Prophet’s saying to the person who prayed incorrectly, “then be at ease until you are at ease in bowing.”[4]
And remaining in that position until you attain "calmness."
Speaking about the importance of this matter, he said, “The worst people are the thieves who steal part of the prayer.” He was asked how this was done, and he replied, “He does not complete his bowings and prostrations,” or he said, “He does not straighten his back during his bowings and prostrations.”[5]
“The prayer of one who does not straighten his back in his bowings and prostrations is not accomplished.”[6]
5. Rising up from bowing
This is based on the hadith, “then rise till you are standing straight.” (Bukhari, Muslim)
6. Prostration
This is based on the hadith, “then prostrate till you are at ease in prostration.”
7. Sitting between the two prostrations
This is based on the hadith, “then rise up till you are at ease sitting.”
8. Attaining calmness
A person prayed too fast without attaining calmness. The Prophet disapproved his speed and said, “you did not pray.”
Attaining calmness means that each body part assumes the appropriate position before one moves from one position to another.
9. Reciting the final tashahhud
This will be done in the final sitting of the prayer. The words of the tashahhud were taught by Prophet himself. Ibn Mas’ud said, a companion of the Prophet, said, “Before it was made obligatory to say the tashahhud, we used to say, ‘Peace be upon Allah, and peace be upon Gabriel and Michael.’ Then the Messenger of Allah said, ‘Do not say that but say, ‘All compliments are for Allah…’”[7].
10. Sitting to recite the final tashahhud
This will be the final sitting of the prayer.
11. Sending blessings on the Prophet after the final tashahhud
This is to be done after reciting the final tashahhud.
12. Saying ‘As-Salamu ’Alaikum wa-Rahmatullah’ to conclude the prayer
In an obligatory prayer it has to be said twice, however in the funeral prayer it is sufficient to say it once.
13. Order
All the “essential components” of salah need to be performed in the correct order.
Acts That Invalidate the Prayer
There are certain acts that if done, would invalidate the prayer. What that means is that a person has to start over the prayer from the beginning.
1. Being certain that you broke the wudoo
A man complained to the Messenger of Allah about feeling something (in his abdomen) in the prayer. The Prophet said, “Do not turn away (from salah) unless you hear a sound or notice a smell.”[8]
This does not mean you only turn away from salah when you hear a sound or notice a smell. As long as you are sure you broke wind and passed gas, your wudoo is broken and you must make it again and start the prayer from the beginning.
2. Intentionally not performing a rukn or prerequisite of prayer without a valid excuse
This is based on the Prophet saying to the man who did not pray properly, “Go back and pray for you have not prayed.”[9]
Similarly, the Prophet told a person who had not washed a portion of the top of his feet to repeat wudoo and the prayer.[10]
3. Intentionally eating or drinking during prayer
Muslim scholars agree that a person who eats or drinks intentionally during a prayer must repeat it.
4. Intentionally speaking during the prayer
The Companions Zaid ibn al-Arqam said, “We used to speak during the prayer. A person would speak to the person on his side during the prayer. This was until, ‘Stand before Allah with obedience.’(2:238) was revealed. We were then ordered to remain silent and forbidden to speak.”[11]
5. Laughing during the prayer.
Muslim scholars agree that laughing invalidates the prayer.
Next Lesson: Prayers - Advanced (part 2 of 2)
- Prayers – Advanced (part 1 of 2)
- Prayers - Advanced (part 2 of 2)
- The Purpose of Life
- Why & How to Learn the Quran (part 1 of 2)
- Why & How to Learn the Quran (part 2 of 2)
- Miracles of the Prophets
- Meat of the People of the Book (part 1 of 2)
- Meat of the People of the Book (part 2 of 2)
- Dhikr (Remembering Allah): Meaning & Blessings (part1 of 2)
- Dhikr (Remembering Allah): Meaning & Blessings (part 2 of2)
- Intercession on Judgment Day (part 1 of 2)
- Intercession on Judgment Day (part 2 of 2)
- Virtues of the Quran (part 1 of 2)
- Virtues of the Quran (part 2 of 2)
- Good Morals (part 1 of 2)
- Good Morals (part 2 of 2)
- The Islamic Golden Age (part 1 of 2)
- The Islamic Golden Age (part 2 of 2)
- Social Media in Islam
- Leisure, Fun and Entertainment
- Astrology and Fortune-telling
- Miracles of Prophet Muhammad (part 1 of 2)
- Miracles of Prophet Muhammad (part 2 of 2)
- Bad Morals to Stay Away From (part 1 of 2)
- Bad Morals to Stay Away From (part 2 of 2)
- The Spiritual Benefits of Fasting and Charity
- Dream Interpretation
- Detailed Biography of Prophet Muhammad - Meccan Period (part 1 of 3)
- Detailed Biography of Prophet Muhammad - Meccan Period (part 2of 3)
- Detailed Biography of Prophet Muhammad - Meccan Period (part3 of 3)
Prayers – Advanced (part 1 of 2)
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